We found no evidence of political agitation or hate speech against minority groups in the tweet banks. Others accuse the rivaling Congress party of various failures and express adoration of India, its army, and products. Many emphasize the achievements of the ‘Modi Government’ and praise Narendra Modi’s personal qualities. “Tweets banks contain a mean of sixty pre-written tweets that facilitate participation and allow the organizers to steer the campaign narrative. ![]() The hashtag remained on Twitter’s trending list till 5pm and, by the end of the day, had accumulated 46,000 tweets. The report included a case study of a single campaign to trend “#ModiMeinHaiDum” on March 19, 2019: The first tweet was issued at 7.47am by 9.30am, it was trending across India with 4,800 uses of the hashtag. The Google Docs links shared in the WhatsApp group would include a “tweet bank” containing participation instructions and a list of 100 pre-written tweets. ![]() They were able to gauge the impact of these campaigns by following the users who tweeted or retweeted campaign hashtags: Studying campaign-related Twitter data of 2,368,000 tweets posted by 244,000 users, of which 92,000 were copy-pasted tweets by 4,750 participants. They used historical trend data from the Twitter Trending Topics Archive. “Additional analyses of other parties’ WhatsApp groups will produce a more comprehensive picture,” it notes. The authors chose to focus on the BJP as it "dominates social media" and won the 2019 election. Of the 75 campaigns studied, 69 resulted in nationwide trends. “Our findings show that the campaigns produced hundreds of nationwide Twitter trends throughout the election,” the authors note. These messages contained a link to a Google Docs with a list of pre-written tweets and directions to post them at a specified time. The report says that the 75 “media manipulation campaigns” took the form of “trend alert” messages in the WhatsApp groups that called on members to participate in targeted mass-postings on Twitter. ![]() In the report, authors Maurice Jakesch and Mor Naaman from Cornell University and Kiran Garimella and Dean Eckles from Massachusetts Institute of Technology said their study provided the first systematic analysis of cross-platform campaigns, noting that previous accounts on social media manipulation relied either on indirect inferences or single instances of leaked evidence.ĪLSO READ: Lok Sabha elections 2019: The social media factor Today I am presenting „Trend Alert: How a Cross-Platform Organization Manipulated Twitter Trends in the Indian General Election“ at 10am in the #CSCW2021 panel on Misinformation, Conspiracies, and Manipulations ( ) /RMmO6tKIyI- Maurice Jakesch October 27, 2021
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